Footnotes:

1. The following fungi have been assigned new names: Candida auris as Candidozyma auris, Candida glabrata as Nakaseomyces glabratus, Candida krusei as Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida lusitaniae as Clavispora lusitaniae, Penicillium marneffei as Talaromyces marneffei. Tests routinely used in clinical laboratories may not be able to differentiate among members of the Candida albicans complex (C. albicans, Candida dubliniensis, and Candida africana), Candida parapsilosis complex (Candida parapsilosis, Candida metapsilosis, and Candida orthopsilosis).

2. The information provided serves as a general reference based on selected published articles in the literature. [135,314,320–333] Readers should keep in mind that antifungal resistance patterns can vary significantly within a group or genus of fungal pathogens, as well as across different geographical regions and clinical settings. Antifungal resistance can also emerge or evolve over time, making it essential to stay updated on current trends. When available, please refer to the antifungal susceptibility testing results. Beware that breakpoints may not be available for certain organisms. In the event of uncertainty, please consult a clinical microbiologist and infectious disease physician.