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Table 1.7 Characteristics of ESBL and AmpC ß-lactamases

  ESBL AmpC ß-lactamase
Bush-Jacoby-Medeiro functional class 2be 1
Ambler molecular classification A C
Plasmid mediated Almost always (responsible for the spread) Most are chromosomal plasmid increasingly reported
ß-lactamase inhibitor Inhibited Not inhibited
Cephamycins
  • cefoxitin
  • cefmetazole
Not hydrolysed Hydrolysed
Oxyimino-ß-lactams
  • cefotaxime
  • ceftriaxone
  • ceftazidime
Hydrolysed Hydrolysed
Cefepime Variable Not hydrolysed
Carbapenem Not hydrolysed Not hydrolysed
Examples TEM, SHV and CTX-M Enterobacter, Citrobacter and Serratia possess inducible AmpC
ß-lactamase encoded in their chromosomes