Tables & Figures: Table 1.4: Estimates of Microorganisms Significantly Associated With AMR, Hong Kong, 2019–2023

Tables

Table 1.4: Estimates of Microorganisms Significantly Associated With AMR, Hong Kong, 2019–2023

Antibiotic-resistant microorganism	Specimen Type	Number of cases by year§
Antibiotic-resistant microorganism	Specimen Type	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
MRSA	Blood only	806	793	879	843	824
ESBL-producing E. coli	Blood only	1,881	1,805	1,684	1,465	1,726
ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp.	Blood only	381	381	353	388	373
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp.	Blood only	91	112	101	145	122
MRSA	All clinical specimens	12,742	11,617	12,612	14,527	17,680
ESBL-producing E. coli	All clinical specimens	16,651	14,997	16,092	15,188	16,999
ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp.	All clinical specimens	5,092	4,714	4,776	4,508	5,916
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp.	All clinical specimens	3,340	3,366	3,858	5,074	5,416
Ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa	All clinical specimens	977	993	1,106	1,060	1,143
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp.*	All clinical specimens	15	16	129	296	310
Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes†	All clinical specimens	555	231	159	119	199
Clostridioides difficile‡	Stool only	-	2,665	3,246	3,164	3,242
*VRE isolated from stool and rectal swabs, as well as High Risk Screening on Haemodialysis and VRE Targeted Screening on Admission, are excluded. The majority of these isolates are vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (95%).
†Erythromycin-resistant strains are also resistant to other macrolides, such as clarithromycin and azithromycin.
‡Previously known as Clostridium difficile. Figure for year 2019 is not available.
^§ The annual number of cases was estimated by using microbiological results from all HA laboratories. Each patient was counted only once in the calculation. The figures for Clostridioides difficile was extracted from the Standard Report of the Hospital Authority Clostridioides difficile Surveillance Programme. [613]