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Table 1.4 Estimates of microorganisms significantly associated with AMR, HK, 2013–2016

Antibiotic-resistant microorganism Included in estimates Number of cases by year4
    2013 2014 2015 2016
MRSA Blood only 672 671 686 816
ESBL-producing E. coli Blood only 1,319 1,371 1,470 1,470
ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. Blood only 186 175 199 207
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Blood only 93 108 113 84
 
MRSA All clinical specimens 12,462 12,305 12,864 13,001
ESBL-producing E. coli All clinical specimens 10,778 10,954 11,436 11,033
ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. All clinical specimens 2,502 2,592 2,777 2,917
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. All clinical specimens 2,684 3,314 3,359 3,191
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp.1 All clinical specimens 1,161 1,598 969 665
Ceftazidime-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa All clinical specimens 850 847 900 1,030
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp.2 All clinical specimens 1,810 1,321 410 232
Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes3 All clinical specimens 556 614 528 620
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa1 All clinical specimens 18 16 6 9
 
Clostridium difficile Stool only 2,077 2,171 2,130 2,167

 

Note:

  1. 1Per surveillance definitions used by the Hospital Authority (HA).
  2. 2Mostly vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.
  3. 3Erythromycin-resistant strains are also resistant to other macrolides such as clarithromycin and azithromycin.
  4. 4Annual number of cases was estimated by using microbiological results collected from all HA laboratories. Each patient was only counted once in the estimation.